Impact of Palm Oil Tainted Feed on Liver and Kidney Health in Wistar Rats: A Sub Chronic Study

Kanayo Mercy Odia *

Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port-Harcourt, PMB 5323, Nigeria.

M. Aniyeloye

Animal Research Unit, Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port-Harcourt, PMB 5323, Nigeria.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Background: Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil obtained from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of the oil palm trees. The present study evaluated the effects of sub-chronic consumption of palm oil-tainted feed (POTF) on hepatorenal parameters in male Wistar rats.

Methods: Twenty-five (25) male Wistar rats with an average weight of 150±15g were used for the study. They were randomly selected into 5 groups of 5 rats each. Group 1 controlled and accessed only normal feed and water ad libitum. Groups 2 and 3 were fed with 10% and 20% POTF and water ad libitum respectively. Groups 4 and 5 were fed with 10% and 20% POTF + 0.02mg/ml and 0.04mg/ml of simvastatin respectively, and water ad libitum respectively. After 60 days of exposure/consumption of the POTF; blood samples were obtained from the study animals via cardiac puncture after proper sedation. The obtained data were analyzed with IBM SPSS version 25.

Results: The serum level of a liver enzyme-alanine transaminase (ALT) had no significant (P>0.05) change in all the test groups (groups 2, 3, 4, and 5) when compared to the control group. The level of aspartate transaminase (AST) was found to be significantly (p<0.05) raised in test group 3 when compared to that of group 1 (control). The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in test group 3 but markedly (p>0.05) elevated in test group 4 when compared to group 2. The serum levels of total protein, albumin, and total bilirubin indicated no significant (P>0.05) difference except for conjugated bilirubin which was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in test group 2. 

Conclusion: Except for greater doses, which can have some potentially harmful consequences, mild sub-chronic POTF consumption (10%) in the study animals did not negatively impact any liver enzymes or certain renal indices in the study models.

Keywords: Sub-chronic consumption, palm oil tainted feed, hepatorenal parameters, moderate use of safe, annatural palm oil


How to Cite

Odia, Kanayo Mercy, and M. Aniyeloye. 2024. “Impact of Palm Oil Tainted Feed on Liver and Kidney Health in Wistar Rats: A Sub Chronic Study”. International Research Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 7 (1):44-50. https://journalirjgh.com/index.php/IRJGH/article/view/97.


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