Occurrence of Potential Bacterial Pathogens in Food from Local Restaurants in Azikoro Town, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Published: 2023-03-23
Page: 40-45
Issue: 2023 - Volume 6 [Issue 1]
Douye Victor Zige *
Department of Microbiology, Federal University Otuoke, P.M.B. 126, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Ayibanua Ayibakeme
Department of Microbiology, Federal University Otuoke, P.M.B. 126, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Foodborne gastroenteritis, security and safety is a global concern in today’s world, in that regard it is a major concern to public health policies however foods vendor are patronized on daily bases in urban and suburban cities in Nigeria. This study is aimed at investigating the hygienic status of highly patronized food vendors in Azikoro town in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Four (4) samples of ready-to-eat street food (rice, yams, beans, and spaghetti) were bought from vendors and brought in coolers to the lab. The samples were analyzed bacteriologically using the streak plate method. The plates were then checked for growth after being incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. In order to subculture, bacteriological agar was used. The growth was then examined, and standard biochemical tests were performed to determine which microorganisms were present. The fourty (40) different colonies in the foods sampled contained nine different bacterial species, with spaghetti having the highest frequency. Yersinia enterocolitica (7.5%), Proteus mirabilis (12.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.5%), Bacillus cereus (17.5%), Citrobacter freundii (5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (30.7692), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.6923%), Enterobacter aerogenes (2.5%), and Escherichia coli (20%). The research showed that street foods have the potential to spread bacterial pathogens that cause food-borne illnesses. Consequently, there is a need to create achievable plans aimed at ensuring the safety of street food.
Keywords: Food safety, foodborne, personal hygiene, public's health, vendors
How to Cite
Downloads
References
McLinden T, Sargeant JM, Thomas MK, Papadopoulos A, Fazil A. Component costs of foodborne illness: A scoping review. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:509.
Li H, Zhu J. Targeted metabolic profiling rapidly differentiates Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at species and strain level. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2017;31(19):1669-76.
Chen Y, Wen Y, Song J, Chen B, Ding S, Ding L et al. The correlation between family food handling behaviors and foodborne acute gastroenteritis: A community-oriented, population-based survey in Anhui, China. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):1290.
Pinu FR. Early detection of food pathogens and food spoilage microorganisms: application of metabolomics. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2016;54: 213-5.
Jasson V, Jacxsens L, Luning P, Rajkovic A, Uyttendaele M. Alternative microbial methods: An overview and selection criteria. Food Microbiol. 2010;27(6): 710-30.
Anderson NW, Buchan BW, Riebe KM, Parsons LN, Gnacinski S, Ledeboer NA. Effects of solid-medium type on routine identification of bacterial isolates by use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50(3):1008-13.
Zige DV, Ohimain EI, Mynepalli SKC. Enteric Bacteria from ready to eat food vended in Amassoama Community in Niger Delta and its health implication. ISOR J Environ Sci Toxicol Food Technol. 2013;6(4):62-5.
Archana A, Swagata T, Vinay K. Biochemical tests for detecting hydrogen sulphide producing bacteria. 2021;2:53.
Golden CE, Rothrock MJ, Mishra A. Mapping foodborne pathogen contamination throughout the conventional and alternative poultry supply chains. Poult Sci. 2021;100(7):101157.
Pujiastuti ES, Tarigan JR, Sianturi E, Ginting BB. The effect of chicken manure and beneficial microorganisms of EM-4 on growth and yield of kale (Brassica oleraceae acephala) grown on andisol. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2018;205:012020.
Komala M, Debjit B, Sampath-kumar KP. Urinary tract infection: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and it’s management. J Chem Pharm Sci. 2013;6(1):25-8.
Abdalla MA, Suliman SE, Bakhiet AO. Food safety knowledge and practices of street vendors in Atbara city (Nahar Elneel State Sudan). Afr J Biotechnol. 2009;8(24):6967-71.
Elfaki AE, Elhakim SAA. Quality evaluation of two Sudanese street foods of animal origin. Adv J Food Sci Technol. 2011;3(3):219-23.
Ameko E, Achio S, Alhassan S, Kassim A. Microbial safety of raw mixed vegetable salad sold as an accompaniment to street vended cooked rice in Accra. J Biotechnol. 2012;11(50):11078-85.
Jha P, Kim CM, Kim DM, Chung JH, Yoon NR, Jha B et al. Transmission of Enterobacter aerogenes septicemia in healthcare workers. Springerplus. 2016;5 (1):1397.
Abdolshahi A, Yancheshmeh BS. Food Contamination. 2020;1-2.
Angelo KM, Conrad AR, Saupe A, Dragoo H, West N, Sorenson A et al. Multistate outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes infections linked to whole apples used in commercially produced, prepackaged caramel apples: United States, 2014-2015. Epidemiol Infect. 2017;145(5): 848-56.
Esha S, Dwij RB, Binod L. Occurrence of Salmonella in drinking water samples of urban water supply system of Kathmandu. Bot Orient J Plant Sci. 2009;6:52-5.
Kerr KG, Snelling AM. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a formidable and ever-present adversary. J Hosp Infect. 2009;73(4):338-44.
Marollo R. Microbiology of Bacillus cereus, The diverse faces of Bacillus cereus. 2016;1-13.
Marshall KM, Nowaczyk L, Raphael BH, Skinner GE, Rukma Reddy N. Identification and genetic characterization of Clostridium botulinum serotype a strain from commercially pasteurized carrot juice. Food Microbiol. 2014;44:149-55.
Marušić A, Glob J. Food safety and security: what were favorite topics for research in the last decade? 2011;1: 72-8.
Merchant LE, Rempel H, Forge T, Kannangara T, Bittman S, Delaquis P, et al. Character-ization of antibiotic-resistant and potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli from soil fertilized with litter of broiler chickens fedantimicrobial-supplemented diets. Can J Microbiol. 2012;58(9):1084-98.
Mulcahy LR, Isabella VM, Lewis K. Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in disease. Microb Ecol. 2014;68(1):1-12.